美国加州限制亚裔入学提案引发华人愤怒

Chinese Americans are crazy forwarded an open letter. Asked the Chinese to unite to the White House website petition to unite against limiting the proportion of Asians in California SCA5 enrollment proposal. The bill just passed by the Senate in California, aimed at reducing the proportion of Asian enrollment at the University of California, and let more Hispanic and Latino schools.

Asian American Chinese think California limit enrollment ratio than last year's ABC TV "kill Chinese people" remarks to be serious and more. If the words of the Chinese television has unfairly described, the new proposal has been threatening the vital interests of the Chinese people in the United States.

美国华人认为加州限制亚裔入学比例，比去年的ABC电视台“杀死中国人”的言论要严重的多。如果说电视台在言论上对华人有着不公平的阐述，新的提案已经危及到了华人在美国的切身利益。

The U.S. launched a White House petition Chinese, requiring 18 March 2014 to collect 100,000 signatures. Such attention may lead to the White House the bill. And there are many Chinese want to write directly to Members, in order to influence legislators to vote.

目前美国华人发起了白宫请愿，要求在2014年3月18日前收集到10万个签名。这样有可能引起白宫对该法案的重视。而有很多华人希望给议员直接写信，以此影响议员的投票。

With the impact of this matter more and more, "affirmative action," the experienced several controversial concept in American history, once again surfaced.

而随着这件事情的影响越来越大，“平权法案”这个在美国历史上经历过多次争议的概念，再度浮出水面。

January 30, 2014, California USA is celebrating the Chinese New Year, Latino Democratic state senator Hernandez made a proposal to the joy of Asians who poured cold water: The University of California system opined Asia American students too many requirements to limit enrollment of Asian, Latino and African-improving systems in increasing enrollment ratios.

2014年1月30日，美国加州华人正在庆祝春节，拉丁裔民主党籍州参议员贺南德兹提出一项提案给欢乐中的亚裔们浇了一盆冷水：该议员认为加州大学系统的亚裔学生太多了，要求限制亚裔入学，提高拉丁裔和非裔在加大系统中的入学比率。

This proposal has been in the January 30, 2014 California Senate 27 votes in favor and nine votes against. Next to mention the upcoming State Assembly vote. If this proposal is passed in the State Assembly, in November this year will be a referendum to decide whether to resume the implementation of the so-called "affirmative action" at the University of California campus, limit enrollment of Asian, Latino and African multiple strokes.

此提案已在2014年1月30日加州参议院27票赞成，9票反对通过。下一步即将提到州众议会投票。如果此提案在州众议会获得通过，将在今年11月公投，决定是否恢复在加州大学校园中实行所谓的“平权法案”，限制亚裔招生，多招拉丁裔和非裔。

It is worth mentioning that, in the Senate by Senator The resolution requires a two-thirds vote to allow the bill to be supported. Calculation was based on the number of votes needed 26 votes (39 * 2/3). The three Chinese, but all voted Democrat vote. This three votes played a decisive role.

值得一提的是，在参议院通过这项决议需要参议员以三分之二得票率让法案得到支持。根据计算需要得的票数是26票(39*2/3)。而三位华裔民主党议员却全部投了支持票。而这三票起了决定性的作用。

The proposal is currently waiting waiting by the House of Representatives in California. At the moment, California's 80 seats in the House, Democrats have 55 seats, 25 seats Republicans. According to the current partisan divide, the proposal passed by the House of Representatives in the possibility of very large.

而目前提案等待在加州的众议院等待通过。在目前，加州众议院的80席中，有55席民主党，25席共和党。按照目前的党派划分来看，提案在众议院通过的可能性非常大。

If the bill finally passed, Asian students will greatly reduce the number of admissions at the University of California system, it was expected to rise from 40% down to about 12%. Means that many of the best Asian students can be admitted to the UC.

如果这项法案最终通过，亚裔学生在加州大学系统的录取数量将大大减少，有人预计将从40%降低到12%左右。意味着很多优秀的亚裔学生不能被加州大学录取。

This proposal came out, shocked the Chinese community in California. Chinese parents have excitedly spread the news in the hope that the White House petition, parliamentarians and other ways to reverse the situation.

此提案一出，加州的华人社会震惊了。华人家长纷纷奔走相告，希望用白宫请愿，联系议员等方式扭转局势。

Political context of proposals: increasing Latino population in California Eng
提案的政治背景：拉丁裔人口在加州的增多

Why this point in time such a bill would be introduced? This growth in the Hispanic population in California has a great relationship. I looked the proportion of the population of California found that in California, the proportion is about 14.9% Chinese, and Latino and African population of about 37.6 percent. Rising Latino population and African population of this group decided to fight for more benefits for themselves. Therefore, this proposal does not appear accidental.

为什么在这样的时间点这样的法案会出台？这和加州的西班牙裔人口的增长有很大的关系。笔者查阅了加州地区的人口比例发现，在加州地区，华人的比例在14.9%左右，而拉丁裔和非裔人口大约在37.6%左右。不断上升的拉丁裔人口和非裔人口决定了这个族群要为自己争取更多的利益。因此这个提案的出现并非偶然。

In addition, with the mid-term elections and the 2016 presidential election looming ever. Democrats know that to keep his advantage, still have to show good growing by Latino and African populations to increase votes. Because these populations are usually staunch supporters of the Democratic Party. Therefore, parties to ensure their interests. In contrast, Asians in the United States have a common "political apathy" phenomenon, do not vote, do not care about politics is a typical feature of the Asian population. So long, the interests of the Asian population, politically difficult to be guaranteed.

另外，随着中期选举和2016年总统大选的不断迫近。民主党知道，要保住自己的优势，依然要通过示好不断增长拉丁裔和非裔人口来增加选票。因为这些人口通常都是民主党坚定的支持者。因此党派要保证对他们的利益。相反，亚裔在美国有着普遍的“政治冷漠”现象，不参加投票、不关心政治是亚裔族群的一个典型特征。因此长久以来，亚裔族群的利益，在政治上难以得到保证。

Focus: affirmative action and reverse discrimination.
焦点：平权法案和逆向歧视

The so-called "affirmative action" was born in the U.S. civil rights movement of the last century, the turbulent 1960s, the two presidents Kennedy and Johnson for the implementation of the "Civil Rights Act" and have signed a series aimed at the entry and employment of minorities for preferential care Presidential Decree.

所谓“平权法案”诞生于美国上世纪60年代风起云涌的民权运动，是肯尼迪和约翰逊两任总统为落实《民权法案》而相继签署的一系列旨在入学和就业上对少数族裔进行优惠照顾的总统令。

Act: all funded by federal and local government public schools have a responsibility to implement "affirmative action" to take on the enrollment quotas or extra points way for ethnic minority students priority admission. Today, it has become one of the most important impact of the U.S. bill minorities, there are statistics show that Asian students generally score higher than other ethnic groups, in terms of admissions, racial proportions "affirmative action" is set to make achievements importance to make way for the emergence of Asian students admission scores higher than the percentage of African-American and Latino phenomenon. Such a system makes the achievements of Asian students in relatively good, very good compared with other ethnic Chinese students get the job. A lot of people put education in the field of "affirmative action" criticized as "reverse discrimination" (Reverse Discrimination).

法案规定：凡是受到联邦及地方政府资助的公立学校都有责任落实“平权法案”，在招生上采取配额或加分的方式让少数族裔学生优先入学。时至今日，它已成为影响美国少数族裔最重要的法案之一，有数据统计显示，亚裔学生成绩普遍高于其他族裔，在录取方面，“平权法案”的种族比例设置使成绩的重要性作出让位，出现了亚裔学生录取分数线比非裔和拉丁裔高出上百分的现象。这样的制度使得成绩在亚裔学生中比较优秀、同其他族裔相比十分优秀的华裔学生落榜。很多人把教育领域的“平权法案”批评为“逆向歧视”(Reverse Discrimination)。

California passed Proposition 209 in 1996, becoming the nation's first public university to prohibit racial enrollment decision states. Government can not employ race as a criterion. SCA5 constitutional amendment proposal by Senate bill would abolish section 209 requirements, including government agencies, including non-individuals or groups because of race, sex, color or national origin, be given special treatment in public education. And this proposal makes the University of California system, the proportion of Asians increased significantly.

加州于1996年通过209提案，成为全美第一个禁止公立大学以种族决定入学的州。政府也不可以种族为聘用标准。参议会通过的SCA5修宪提案将取消209法案部分规定，包括政府单位在内，不可因个人或团体的种族、性别、肤色和原国籍，给予公立教育特殊待遇。而这个提案使得在加州大学系统中，亚裔的比例明显增高。

The new SCA5 apparently Recovery "affirmative action" tendencies. Promoters in an open letter said that the essence of the bill is to allow students to decide the fate of the basis of race.

而新的SCA5显然有恢复“平权法案”的倾向。 发起人在公开信中表示，这次法案实质是允许根据种族决定学生的去留。

Two different sounds
两种不同的声音

Message one. The reaction is of course the biggest Asian students parents. USA and China people's instinctive reaction is to fight together for the benefit of their own ethnic group, the message is being received so I went to the White House website petition Chinese Americans from all different sources.

消息一出。反应最大的当然是亚裔学生的父母。美国华人们的本能反应是，要起来为自己族群的利益做斗争，因此笔者正从各个不同的渠道接收到美国华人去白宫网站请愿的消息。

"If this happens in black or Jewish body, you can imagine how they would react? This reminds me of the sixties China, with family background admitted to university, which is the elimination of the practice of talents. Humanity!" Such a father to express their ideas.

“如果这种事情发生在黑人或者犹太人身上，你可以想象，他们会如何反应？这使我回想起六十年代的中国，凭家庭出身录取大学。这是淘汰优秀人才的做法。反人类！”一位父亲这样表达自己的想法。

Living in California, has two daughters, Cai Yan told reporters, "I fully understand why this bill introduced. Latino population in California a lot, but the overall acceptance rate is not high college and they hope the new bill improve the level of education of Latinos, but to do so at the expense of the interests of whites and Asian-based, I hope to have a better solution, such as setting a lower limit for each ethnic group admitted without a ceiling. "

在加州生活，有两个女儿的蔡岩告诉笔者，“我非常理解为什么会有这种的法案出台。拉丁裔的人口在加州很多，但是总体的大学录取率却不高。他们希望通过新法案提高拉丁裔的教育水平。但是这样做，是以牺牲亚裔和白人的利益为基础的，我希望能有更好的解决方法。比如设置各个族群录取的较低下限，而不设上限。”